Civil Engineering is related to construction only. For construction work, we need to select the best and durable construction materials. For that, we need to know the physical, mechanical, chemical and thermal properties of the materials. We also need to know the physical and chemical composition of the materials.
Besides that, we must have knowledge of testing the quality of those construction materials. Selection and usages of construction materials taking into account the economical and durability of materials.
The main objective to know about construction materials is to know information on the structure, manufacturing, quality testing, and properties of materials used in construction. It conjointly presents tips to help the designer within the choice of suitable material for a given job and correct handling of the fabric also.
Selection of construction material depends upon
- Properties of materials
- Performance requirement
- Availability
- Reliability
- Reliability and Disposability
- Economic factor
- Environmental factor
- Safety factor
Appropriate selection of engineering materials is very essential for the proper functioning of any engineering design. The selection criteria are governed by the properties of engineering material.
While selecting any construction materials following properties are considered:
Physical Properties
- Color
- Density
- Specific gravity
- Porosity
- Water Absorption Capacity
- Permeability
- Hygroscopicity
- Moisture resistivity
- Fire resistivity
- Frost resistivity
- Soundness
Chemical Properties
- Composition
- Structure
- Dimension
Mechanical Properties
- Hardness
- Toughness
- Ductility
- Elasticity
- Plasticity
- Resilience
- Creep
- Fatigue.
- Malleability
- Impact strength
- Abrasive resistance
- Sp. Heat capacity
Thermal
- Melting point
- Thermal expansion
- Thermal conductivity
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